Proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with high specific power, high energy conversion efficiency, low start, environmentally benign, it can be used as power source for a variety of vehicles, is also a fixed station, portable electronic products the ideal power supply, therefore, PEMFC has become a hot research around the world [1]. PEMFC by the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), flow field plate, conductive plate, and other accessories, including one membrane electrode assembly by a proton exchange membrane (PEM) and gas diffusion electrode (GDE) composition. PEMFC is a solid polymer electrolyte membrane (SP) also known as proton exchange membrane, now widely used perfluorinated sulfonic acid membrane (PFSAM), such as the Nafion series; PEMFC electrode is a porous gas diffusion electrode, in accordance with the reaction gas electrode in different transport mechanisms can be used in the electrode current PEMFC electrode hydrophobic and hydrophilic electrode is divided into two types. Hydrophobic electrode reaction gas is formed in the hydrophobic water-repellent agent network transmission, while the hydrophilic electrode reaction gas is first dissolved in water or Nafion, the further proliferation of delivery [2]. Usually, MEA from the proton exchange membrane and gas diffusion electrodes made hot pressing, which is the core part of PEMFC, directly determines the battery's working performance, its structural design and preparation process is the core technology of PEMFC research.

Different from the traditional electrode is hydrophobic, hydrophilic electrode catalyst layer does not contain hydrophobic agent, its preparation method is the direct catalyst and the formation of Nafion resin uniformly mixed slurry coating on the gas diffusion layer or membrane. At present, MEA is also based on preparation of most of the hydrophobic electrode, the catalyst efficiency is low [3]. Preparation of the MEA based on hydrophilic electrode is in the research phase [4 ¯ 10], but the catalyst can further improve efficiency, production cost can be further reduced, its performance can be better than the hydrophobic electrode, is expected to be widely used in PEMFC. We are prepared using hydrophilic electrode MEA, with constant current polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) electrochemical method of electrode structure and composition on the performance and to determine the optimum parameters of MEA performance.

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Crystalline silicon solar cells

Crystalline silicon solar cells

Research to develop integrated production only 54μm thick crystal silicon solar cell, conversion efficiency of 12.1%

It is reported that Japan's Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (JST) using amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon heterojunction developed a 54μm thick solar cell modules, and has confirmed that cell conversion efficiency of 12.1%. Production & Research Institute in July 2008 ranged from 28 to 29, the future of the Science Museum in Tokyo, Japan at the "results of the fourth solar energy research center report" on the release of such solar cells. Crystalline silicon solar cells and the existence of crystalline silicon supply prices and other serious problems. The thin is the decisive factor in cutting costs, increasing R & D activity.

The use of amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells developed in the crystalline silicon layer of one or both sides of the amorphous silicon thin film formation. This Sanyo developed "HIT (heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer)" structure is basically the same unit.

This time, producing comprehensive study using double-sided form in the crystalline silicon layer of amorphous silicon thin films can greatly reduce the thickness of crystalline silicon to achieve a thickness of only 54μm. "In the double heterostructure-based products for the world's thinnest" (JST). The cells can be easily bent by hand.

However, after the thin-cell conversion efficiency is decreased. Thickness of 300μm, the conversion efficiency of 17.5%, while the thickness of 54μm, the conversion efficiency dropped to 12.1%. This is after thinning, the infrared wavelength greater than 900μm due to reduced efficiency.

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Mini electric cars come out

Mini electric cars come out

Miraculous advent of battery-electric vehicles only pocket size mobile phone



Only the size of the battery cell phone

Reporters in Nanjing Xin Jie Kou, first entered the MTR station, I suddenly saw a group of people around the platform, squeeze over to see a pretty girl is pushing the accompanying mini-electric car to attract interest. Soon, subway stop, she gently carry her to enter the subway car. Since it is electric cars that the battery has gone wrong? Some people saw a long time, but could not find. Pointing to the main bar girls car, said: "Here." Originally it was installed inside. Can not see, only the cell phone the size of the volume. Out of the subway station, the girl free and easy to step onto the truck will be gone.

Vehicle can be picked up gently with one hand

Found in the Investment Building, Zhongshan South Road, the re-launch of this car through the company, the company technical department engineer, said gold is the company's newly developed high-technology products, high strength aluminum alloy air welding, common materials strength is 7 times can load 80 kg, a charge can run more than 30 km. Ensure that the battery capacity consistent with white-collar working-class, the students travel to work needs. Carry her vehicle was a moment, stunned and mouth open Pakistan - a hand gently on carry her up!

Completely out of

Traditional electric car battery charging hard

City suffered the pain of the people traveling car expressed an unprecedented enthusiasm. Try to ride the spot required. Recanalization sales staff to explain the operation issues with enthusiasm, was also riding in a circle, with the uniform rotation control handle, light red light flash, the car turned up on smooth, feels really great.

Metalworking excited to introduce the traditional lead-acid battery electric bicycle generally in the 14-19 kg weight, heavy battery to allow more users have suffered the strain of the upper and lower floors suffered charge. Such a small pocket electric bike is a real portable means of transport. It can be folded into the subway, so you can easily shuttle between the city and can be placed in the trunk of a taxi and bus, to facilitate travel carrying purposes. And can you happen, you can gently mention stairs or the elevator, on the corner of the balcony or living room can be, do not have to worry about stolen away.

R & D process was very complicated

Metalworking frustrating introduction to the company in research and development process, can be said to have gone through difficulties. The first generation of products off the assembly line last year, R & D personnel in the light of the pursuit vehicle, with a disc brush motor, although the car lighter, but the electrical properties of unstable and battery power is very small, it continues the course just over 10 km . Travel far to meet the short-term needs. Although the second generation of the power increase, but the motor still does not improve, leading to practical function of product affected. R & D group of company leaders and decision of the final study: self-developed machine one brushless wheel motor. And again increasing the battery power. Brake system of the body and re-set, light open mold on the cost of millions. One-year-old, has finally successfully developed. Now in volume production market.

The world's leading technology products

Traditional environmental pollution battery electric cars much, but the key solution is to upgrade the battery core technology. In China, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Haikou, Changzhou all electric vehicles were introduced road against local regulations, medium and small cities across the country will be divided into different time periods the road against traditional electric cars. Lead-acid battery electric vehicles out of the market is a foregone conclusion. Lithium was recognized green product, it does not contain any heavy metals, the production process does not use water, the production of exhaust all subject to recycling, raw materials and lithium carbon-based. Not produce solid pollution. So, pay attention to environmental protection in Western countries to encourage green energy, electric bicycles are powered by lithium. Seen in this light, traditional electric cars will be replaced by lithium micro-electric vehicles.

Reperfusion produced lithium micro-battery-driven electric vehicles using lithium, the battery does not contain such as cadmium, lead, mercury and harmful metals in the manufacture and use and give up no environmental pollution. Under the frame containing the lithium battery, battery back into the big bar, you can directly plug the charger, front wheel hub brake with brake, rear brake only to establish security and stability. With the folding pedal device for a long time people in recreational sport and static electricity is insufficient long-range riding purposes. Products through national technical supervision, strict testing quality and safety testing, quality inspection report to obtain authority. Marked reperfusion lithium micro-electric vehicles based on traditional electric cars, find the quality of the cross point, the support points led the company in Nanjing and then rose through the ranks to the high-tech enterprises, the technology has been far ahead in the international.

Gold Industry Market blank

Green electric vehicles is considered to occupy the 21st century dominance of public transport vehicles is an indisputable fact. As a revolutionary high-performance environmentally friendly electric vehicles on behalf of progress - and then through the emergence of lithium micro car, the light effort, environmental protection, energy conservation, the characteristics of affordable, very popular among consumers, will be the city's new transportation highlights. Lithium-power micro-electric vehicles as a new industry is naturally enticing, full of hope and sunrise. In the domestic market, lithium micro-car market is in a period, in broad consumer market with unlimited number of cities, is still hard to find any sign of it. Market opportunities will be unlimited blank.

Recanalization lithium micro-car from the product launch date, several hundred times the daily volume of telephone counseling, more discerning business can not wait, have come glimpse of lithium micro-electric vehicles for hosting the Games, and on-site contract. At the same time the company introduced a number of further support through measures to ensure the correct order and sales agents throughout the rapid expansion of the market.

Following a motorcycle, after the glory of traditional electric car industry a golden opportunity, lithium micro-electric car will travel to the future of a revolutionary storm off the field.

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Russia will build nano solar cell company

Russia will build nano solar cell company

MOSCOW, July 29 Xinhua Russia will set up the ground and efficient nano solar photovoltaic cell business, related technology has been about flying by the St. Petersburg Institute of Physics and Technology successfully tested. Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia Director of the Institute of Physics and Technology about flying, Nobel Prize winner Academician Alferov, recently participated in the Vladivostok area of nanotechnology, microelectronics Prospect academic forum to Media made the above statement. But did not disclose the formation of Academician Alferov specific enterprise number and date.

It is noteworthy that fly Physical and Technical Institute in St. Petersburg about the use of nanotechnology to create a new pole joint solar cells, solar radiation intensity is concentrated at 1,000 times the case, to ensure that the output power of more than 35%. Using this new type of solar cells and low-cost Fresnel lens developed the electron converter components and solar cell equipment, will ensure that the user of an independent regional electricity self-sufficient.

New nanotechnology-based solar cells will be used to make land-electron converter. In fact, this fiber media converter is to convert solar energy into electrical energy in the solar cell module. This fiber media converter is expected to annually produce 75 megawatts of electricity than in the international energy market, the market share each year will exceed 12 billion rubles.

Russian Foreign Trade Bank will establish a highly efficient solar cells nano-credit funds to enterprises. In addition, the federal government under the Military Industrialization Commission's resolution, Russia, Minsk Group of the nickel industry affiliated companies state "new energy plan" Innovation will be flying around St. Petersburg Institute of Physics, strategic partners, participate in highly efficient solar cells nano program . Norilsk Nickel Group, a subsidiary of the national "new energy plan" innovative companies in the past few years has been committed to the development of alternative energy projects. According to industry estimates, 2009 will be formally established and efficient nano solar cell business, business will be headquartered in St. Petersburg.

Academician Alferov said that the next solar cell equipment may be increased from 35% to 50%%% or even higher. He expressed the belief that solar cells will be human in the 21st century the main source of energy. People on the demand for solar photovoltaic equipment will be 30% average annual rate of rapid growth. Academician Alferov is expected that by 2020 the global electron converter generating capacity will exceed 50 giv'at. In other words, in the next 20 years, solar power equipment market will grow 140 times.

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